Nelson Mandela Wikipedia. Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela 1 1. July 1. 91. 8  5 December 2. South African anti apartheid revolutionary, politician, and philanthropist, who served as President of South Africa from 1. He was the countrys first black head of state and the first elected in a fully representative democratic election. His government focused on dismantling the legacy of apartheid by tackling institutionalised racism and fostering racial reconciliation. Ideologically an African nationalist and socialist, he served as President of the African National Congress ANC party from 1. A Xhosa, Mandela was born in Mvezo to the Thembu royal family. He studied law at the University of Fort Hare and the University of the Witwatersrand before working as a lawyer in Johannesburg. There he became involved in anti colonial and African nationalist politics, joining the ANC in 1. Youth League in 1. After the National Partys white only government established apartheid, a system of racial segregation that privileged whites, he and the ANC committed themselves to its overthrow. Mandela was appointed President of the ANCs Transvaal branch, rising to prominence for his involvement in the 1. Defiance Campaign and the 1. Congress of the People. He was repeatedly arrested for seditious activities and was unsuccessfully prosecuted in the 1. Treason Trial. Influenced by Marxism, he secretly joined the banned South African Communist Party SACP. Although initially committed to non violent protest, in association with the SACP he co founded the militant Umkhonto we Sizwe in 1. In 1. 96. 2, he was arrested for conspiring to overthrow the state and sentenced to life imprisonment in the Rivonia Trial. Mandela served 2. Robben Island, and later in Pollsmoor Prison and Victor Verster Prison. Amid growing domestic and international pressure, and with fears of a racial civil war, President F. W. de Klerk released him in 1. Abaft Even farther aft than aft. Behind the boat or whatever. As in, Honey, is that a police car abaft Abeam In Navy talk, adjacent to, not fore or aft, but. Politically Incorrect Full list of antifa members. Guestbook for www. Thank you for visiting our pages. You may add to this guestbook. Please share your comments or photos or links for posting. Heroes Were these people Heroes Or were they just normal people, in some cases just doing their jobs Suggest A Hero For This List. Watch Lord Of The Flies Download Full. Hero Name. Mandela and de Klerk negotiated an end to apartheid and organised the 1. Mandela led the ANC to victory and became President. Leading a broad coalition government which promulgated a new constitution, Mandela emphasised reconciliation between the countrys racial groups and created the Truth and Reconciliation Commission to investigate past human rights abuses. Economically, Mandelas administration retained its predecessors liberal framework despite his own socialist beliefs, also introducing measures to encourage land reform, combat poverty, and expand healthcare services. Internationally, he acted as mediator in the Pan Am Flight 1. Secretary General of the Non Aligned Movement from 1. He declined a second presidential term and in 1. Thabo Mbeki. Mandela became an elder statesman and focused on combating poverty and HIVAIDS through the charitable Nelson Mandela Foundation. Mandela was a controversial figure for much of his life. Although critics on the right denounced him as a communistterrorist and those on the radical left deemed him too eager to negotiate and reconcile with apartheids supporters, he gained international acclaim for his activism. Widely regarded as an icon of democracy and social justice, he received more than 2. Nobel Peace Prizeand became the subject of a cult of personality. He is held in deep respect within South Africa, where he is often referred to by his Xhosa clan name, Madiba, and described as the Father of the Nation. Early life. Childhood 1. Mandela was born on 1. July 1. 91. 8 in the village of Mvezo in Umtata, then part of South Africas Cape Province. Given the forename Rolihlahla, a Xhosa term colloquially meaning troublemaker,3 in later years he became known by his clan name, Madiba. His patrilineal great grandfather, Ngubengcuka, was king of the Thembu people in the Transkeian Territories of South Africas modern Eastern Cape province. One of Ngubengcukas sons, named Mandela, was Nelsons grandfather and the source of his surname. Because Mandela was the kings child by a wife of the Ixhiba clan, a so called Left Hand House, the descendants of his cadet branch of the royal family were morganatic, ineligible to inherit the throne but recognised as hereditary royal councillors. Nelson Mandelas father, Gadla Henry Mphakanyiswa Mandela, was a local chief and councillor to the monarch he was appointed to the position in 1. In 1. 92. 6, Gadla was also sacked for corruption, but Nelson was told that his father had lost his job for standing up to the magistrates unreasonable demands. A devotee of the god Qamata,1. Gadla was a polygamist with four wives, four sons and nine daughters, who lived in different villages. Nelsons mother was Gadlas third wife, Nosekeni Fanny, daughter of Nkedama of the Right Hand House and a member of the ama. Mpemvu clan of the Xhosa. No one in my family had ever attended school. On the first day of school my teacher, Miss Mdingane, gave each of us an English name. This was the custom among Africans in those days and was undoubtedly due to the British bias of our education. That day, Miss Mdingane told me that my new name was Nelson. Why this particular name I have no idea. Mandela, 1. Mandela later stated that his early life was dominated by traditional Thembu custom and taboo. Little House on the Prairie TV Series 19741983 cast and crew credits, including actors, actresses, directors, writers and more. He grew up with two sisters in his mothers kraal in the village of Qunu, where he tended herds as a cattle boy and spent much time outside with other boys. Both his parents were illiterate, but being a devout Christian, his mother sent him to a local Methodist school when he was about seven. Baptised a Methodist, Mandela was given the English forename of Nelson by his teacher. When Mandela was about nine, his father came to stay at Qunu, where he died of an undiagnosed ailment which Mandela believed to be lung disease. Feeling cut adrift, he later said that he inherited his fathers proud rebelliousness and stubborn sense of fairness. Mandelas mother took him to the Great Place palace at Mqhekezweni, where he was entrusted to the guardianship of the Thembu regent, Chief Jongintaba Dalindyebo. Although he did not see his mother again for many years, Mandela felt that Jongintaba and his wife Noengland treated him as their own child, raising him alongside their son, Justice, and daughter, Nomafu. Watch The Tillman Story Hindi Full Movie' title='Watch The Tillman Story Hindi Full Movie' />As Mandela attended church services every Sunday with his guardians, Christianity became a significant part of his life. He attended a Methodist mission school located next to the palace, where he studied English, Xhosa, history and geography. He developed a love of African history, listening to the tales told by elderly visitors to the palace, and was influenced by the anti imperialist rhetoric of a visiting chief, Joyi. At the time he nevertheless considered the European colonialists not as oppressors but as benefactors who had brought education and other benefits to southern Africa. Aged 1. 6, he, Justice and several other boys travelled to Tyhalarha to undergo the ulwalukocircumcision ritual that symbolically marked their transition from boys to men afterwards he was given the name Dalibunga. Clarkebury, Healdtown, and Fort Hare 1. Photograph of Mandela, taken in Umtata in 1. Intending to gain skills needed to become a privy councillor for the Thembu royal house, in 1. Mandela began his secondary education at Clarkebury Methodist High School in Engcobo, a Western style institution that was the largest school for black Africans in Thembuland. Made to socialise with other students on an equal basis, he claimed that he lost his stuck up attitude, becoming best friends with a girl for the first time he began playing sports and developed his lifelong love of gardening. He completed his Junior Certificate in two years, and in 1. Healdtown, the Methodist college in Fort Beaufort attended by most Thembu royalty, including Justice. Hollywood Reporter Entertainment News. The veteran agent stands accused of sexual harassment and assault from numerous men who have spoken out on social media this week, including Blaise Godbe Lipman, Lucas Ozarowski and Jordan Gavaris.